Indigenous Heritage Episodes

In 1911, Baike Daole, the daughter of a powerful Atayal chief in the mountains of central Taiwan, was pressured to marry the Japanese policeman Shimoyama Jihei. Their “strategic marriage” was intended to help Japan control Indigenous communities, but it produced a family caught between cultures and governments. We follow their story – and the extraordinary life of their son, Shimoyama Hajime – from Japan’s violent campaign to control Taiwan’s Indigenous peoples and the bloody 1930 Wushe Incident to the 228 uprising of 1947, when Hajime was arrested and tortured, and the uncertain first years of Chinese Nationalist rule.

Does a “triangular head” mean danger? Did the wartime Japanese release experimental snakes on Yangmingshan? Do you really collapse after a hundred steps if a hundred-pacer bites you? Herpetologist Gerrut Norval joins John Ross to talk snakes. They focus on Taiwan’s six important venomous species: the green bamboo viper, Chinese cobra, many-banded krait, Russell’s viper, Taiwan habu, and the famous hundred-pacer. The biggest surprise for John was learning about the wild population of Burmese pythons on Kinmen. Be sure to visit the Formosa Files website for pictures and names of the snakes mentioned.

Ghosts of all kinds – wandering spirits, water ghosts looking for substitutes, mountain demons, and many more; welcome to the strange supernatural world of Taiwan. Eryk and John, fortified with protective amulets and holy mantras, bravely step into the murky shadowlands of Taiwanese ghost lore and modern supernatural encounters. For this episode, they draw heavily on anthropologist Lin Mei-rong’s collection of more than 150 ghost stories from across Taiwan. You’ve probably heard of water ghosts. But have you heard of the mysterious “Little Girl in Red” who lures hikers deep into the mountains? Or paper funeral dolls that come alive? How about “Yin” temples dedicated not to gods, but to wandering spirits? Lock your doors and windows, light some incense, and prepare to be spooked (and amused).

We head into the mountains to tell the story of the deep relationship between Taiwan’s Indigenous communities and firearms. The warriors’ incredible skill and ingenuity with guns enabled them to hold off Qing dynasty forces, Western punitive expeditions, and even the modern Japanese army well into the 20th century. Far from the familiar image of bows and arrows versus modern rifles, Taiwan’s Indigenous peoples were quick to adopt and adapt firearms. Early on these firearms were simple matchlock muskets – slow to load but still deadly in skilled hands – but in the late 1880s, the Indigenous groups acquired modern rifles. Sometimes they had firepower equal to, or better than, their opponents. Through the centuries, guns became essential tools for hunting and warfare. They also became items of status and cultural importance. Guns were gifted in marriage, buried with the dead, and woven into customs of justice and belief. For this episode, we drew on the excellent dissertation by…

Their lineage is ancient. They are loyal, smart, and great hunting companions. But Taiwan’s native dog almost went extinct, and today it’s hard to say how many “pure breeds” are left, if any. These medium-sized dogs, with pointy ears and a love for running, were not long ago the underdogs. But they’ve made a remarkable comeback and are finally getting their day -- a story worth sinking your teeth into. Enjoy Formosa Files’ very first “snack episode.” Next week… Season Six begins.

Shih Ch’ien (施乾) is a young, well-educated Taiwanese man with a coveted government job in the Japanese colonial administration. But he turns his back on this comfortable life to live among society’s outcasts. In 1923, aged just 24, he founded a shelter for beggars, Aiai Ryō (愛愛寮, the “House of Love”) in Taipei’s Wanhua district. There, he would spend the rest of his short life caring for the destitute and demonstrating his hands-on approach to helping the poor. Shih loved beggars but hated beggi...

Wuxia (武俠) novels are martial-arts stories full of swordsmen and swordplay, secret techniques, and chivalrous outlaws. Think Robin Hood crossed with Taoist mysticism and Chinese history. John talks with Taipei-based writer Scott Crawford about the genre – and Jin Yong 金庸 (1924-2018), the most popular and influential wuxia writer. Generations of admiring readers across Asia have devoured his many books. But Taiwan’s government was not a fan. Enter, the Rainstorm Project – a long-running crackdown launched in 1960 that targeted wuxia, especially Jin Yong’s works. Within days, 120,000 novels were seized; and, over the years, hundreds of wuxia titles were banned. But why? Was this simply Cold War paranoia about possible communist cultural “contamination”? Or a kind of moral panic about the impact on children; after all, this fantasy fiction was inspiring Taiwanese students to run off to the mountains in search of kung fu masters.

THIS IS AUDIO-ONLY. A 47-MINUTE VIDEO VERISON IS AVAILABLE. This episode may not be suitable for minors. Yes, funeral strippers are real, and their story is far more complicated than the headlines. With anthropologist Marc L. Moskowitz as our guide, we climb aboard Taiwan’s infamous Electric Flower Cars, neon-lit mobile stages where dancers perform during funerals and temple processions. In this dual episode (video/audio only), Eryk chats with Professor Moskowitz about his documentary, ⁠Dancing for the Dead.⁠ The discussion explores how this controversial tradition took root, why it exploded into public debate in the 1980s, and what it reveals about Taiwan’s rural-urban cultural divide. Critics call it immoral. Performers call it a livelihood. Fans say it keeps the spirits and the crowds entertained; enjoy this provocative, colorful, and surprisingly heartfelt look at one of Taiwan’s most misunderstood cultural practices.

Note: This episode may not be suitable for minors. Yes, funeral strippers are real, and their story is far more complicated than the headlines. With anthropologist Marc L. Moskowitz as our guide, we climb aboard Taiwan’s infamous Electric Flower Cars, neon-lit mobile stages where dancers perform during funerals and temple processions. In this dual episode (video/audio-only), Eryk chats with Professor Moskowitz about his documentary, Dancing for the Dead. The discussion explores how this controversial tradition took root, why it exploded into public debate in the 1980s, and what it reveals about Taiwan’s rural-urban cultural divide. Critics call it immoral. Performers call it a livelihood. Fans say it keeps the spirits and the crowds entertained; enjoy this provocative, colorful, and surprisingly heartfelt look at one of Taiwan’s most misunderstood cultural practices. Audio only version also available. Follow us on social media and leave a comment/review!

Supreme Court judges, bus conductors, chemists, even radio stars — in this episode, we look at how women were making their mark in 1960s Taiwan. Our source is a 1963 issue of the Free China Review, published in the peak “Free China” years, when most of the so‑called “Taiwanese” women featured were actually from China. Still, even in this repressive period, you could argue women here had more chances to lead, earn, and succeed than many of their peers in the West. DO US A FAVOR and leave a review or comment (on Apple, Spotify, YT, or our website). It really helps. Thanks.

For those of you who want more specific info, here is the entire conversation John Ross enjoyed with Dr. Jimmy Lee on the remarkable life of Dr. Takagi Tomoe, one of colonial Taiwan’s most influential figures.

In 1902, Dr. Takagi Tomoe arrived in newly-colonized Japanese Formosa as a seasoned Japanese medical expert sent here to battle bubonic plague – one of the many tropical sicknesses that killed thousands of local people each year. Takagi had a rare sense of empathy. Unlike many of his peers, he encouraged local students to attend his medical school (even letting them speak Taiwanese). This brilliant Japanese and German-trained doctor helped create Taiwan’s medical system – and also, in an unexpected twist, Takagi was tasked with managing the company that’s today known as Taipower. In this largely forgotten story, Taipei physician Dr. Jimmy Lee joins John Ross to tell the story of how Dr. Takagi became one of colonial Taiwan’s most influential figures.

臺灣從荷蘭、明鄭時期以來，不斷的有漢人來此開墾。然而在開墾的過程中，難免會與原住民發生爭端與衝突。而在漢人開始大舉來臺的清代，雖然政府透過各種方式想要避免漢人與原住民發生爭執，但似乎總是成效不佳。甚至在清代中後期以至於日治時期，為了開發臺灣的樟腦資源與擴張帝國治理的邊界，臺灣原漢族群的界線也隨之快速後退。這集的 Formosa Files 中文版 Podcast，就讓兩位主持人來跟大家聊聊，清代時的臺灣「番界」，「土牛溝」的故事。

臺灣在追尋民主自由獨立的道路上，彭明敏教授是無法忽略的一位重量級人物。在日本留學時經歷了戰爭、原子彈，回到臺灣後又遇上二二八事件。而1964年的《台灣自救運動宣言》，讓他不得不在傳教士友人的協助下逃離臺灣，顛沛流離三十年，最終由於與李登輝的因緣而回到臺灣。這集的 Formosa Files 中文版，就讓兩位主持人來一起聊聊這位經歷離奇波折的臺灣民主前輩。

臺灣在追尋民主自由獨立的道路上，彭明敏教授是無法忽略的一位重量級人物。戰爭在他的身上刻下傷痕，又讓他在長崎見證原子彈；而在臺灣，二二八事件也讓他的家人飽受威脅；隨之而來的白色恐怖，更讓他不得不逃離臺灣。這集的 Formosa Files 中文版，就讓兩位主持人來一起聊聊這位經歷離奇波折的臺灣民主前輩。

在第二次世界大戰期間，日本曾經從臺灣募集原住民，編成「高砂義勇隊」開赴南洋作戰。然而在戰場上，卻有一位來自臺東的阿美族族人與軍隊離散，獨自一個人在印尼小島的叢林裡存活了30年才被發現。這集的 Formosa Files 中文版，就讓兩位主持人來一起聊聊這位應該是一代傳奇，卻無論在臺灣或日本都沒有得到尊重的人物。 主持人簡介： Eryk Michael Smith－ICRT南臺灣特派員，長期從事記者採編工作、聲音編輯，也會客串DJ。現居高雄，在臺灣已經居住了接近30年，認為臺灣是自己的家。 Eric Hsu（徐葆權）－彰化北斗人，從大學南漂高雄以來，人生的大部分時間都在高雄渡過。關心臺灣文史與地方文化發展，尤其是自己的兩個家鄉：北斗與高雄。

Sing: Gongxi, Gongxi, Gongxi Ni, hey, (repeat ad nauseum).  Sin Nien Kwai Le (as they might write it in Kaohsiung). We hope everyone is enjoying the long holiday. Nine days of auspicious food, firecrackers, red envelopes, and… relatives!!  Should you, however, need a little break from the mahjong table or the relatives, John and Eryk have a few snake stories for you. Not to give too much away, but guess what? John is a snake eater, and he also refrigerates snakes! Eryk is not a fan of snakes; except for a certain fire snake woman, and a certain water snake child.

2013年，美國《時代》雜誌選出了世界史上最具影響力的15頭動物，林旺也名列其中，讓林旺的知名度從臺灣跨向全世界。曾經身有軍階，最初出生在緬甸叢林的林旺，究竟是如何來到臺灣，又與臺灣有些什麼樣的故事呢？這集的Formosa Files中文版，就由兩位主持人來與大家聊聊，過去臺北市立動物園裡人見人愛的這頭「林旺爺爺」。

As you likely know, Chinese writing comes in two main forms: traditional (fántǐzì) and simplified (jiǎntǐzì). Taiwan uses traditional characters and China uses simplified characters. Taiwan is a peace-loving democracy and China is an authoritarian state; ergo – traditional characters are better! But no, logic doesn’t care about politics and as John and Eryk debate this sometimes-controversial topic, you may come to agree with us that there are pluses and minuses for both systems. Eryk likes writing his wife’s surname as 刘, not 劉… but John has a point about beauty – did they really need to do this 东 to “east”? Was the original, 東, really oh, sooo hard? Enjoy a friendly argument or two, and learn a bit of the history of characters and the people who simplified them. PS: if you want to know more about Hanyu Pinyin, listen to our Bookish Asia podcast episode where John chats with an author of a book on Zhou Youguang (周有光).

在一些原住民流傳至今的故事與神話中，可以窺見雲豹一直都在某些原住民族群的文化與歷史中占有非常重要的角色。而直到今日，雖然臺灣雲豹已經在研究報告中被認為滅絕，但仍然持續有零星而難以確認的目擊報告。到底這種美麗而善於隱蔽的掠食者，是否還生存在臺灣的深山老林裡呢？這集 Formosa Files 中文版 Podcast 就由兩位主持人來跟大家聊聊臺灣雲豹的一些歷史小故事。

From a couple of morons who dismember themselves in a bid to scam insurance companies, to the infamous “Demon of Chiayi” serial killer Chen Jui-chin 陳瑞欽 (plus the story of the only woman on death row in Taiwan), this week Formosa Files brings you an assortment of true crime stories. WARNING: Don't play this episode aloud where children might hear.

臺灣是個與全球接軌的島嶼，從過去到現在，都有許多「外國人」來到這個地方。有些人就只是短暫的過客，但也有許多人就此留在臺灣生活，融入臺灣的社會。然而這些甚至可能比你我都還臺灣的「外國人」，又真的成為「臺灣人」了嗎？就讓 Formosa Files 中文版的兩位主持人來與大家聊聊。

Lai Dongjin 賴東進 was born into a “beggar family.” His dad is blind, his mom has a mental illness. He has 11 siblings! Many born into such a disadvantaged position would throw up their hands, blame fate, and quit the fight for life. But Lai refused to surrender – no matter how high the odds. His 2000 autobiography "Beggar Boy" was a best-seller (no English version) and today, Formosa Files brings you his remarkable story.

LISTEN TO THE STORY OF THE ORANGUTAN CRAZE IN CHINESE! 1980年代的臺灣，正在享受經濟起飛的成果，可謂「臺灣錢淹腳目」。社會變得富裕了，卻也開始追求各種稀奇古怪的補品與寵物。 過去有不少動物由於被記載有「壯陽」、「袪風」等療效，而被臺灣大量進口或走私進來販售。例如虎骨、虎鞭、犀牛角等。尤其臺灣早期甚至還有當眾屠虎，直接現場叫賣的情況。在1984年，有記者深入拍攝相關過程。照片後來輾轉流傳國際，使臺灣遭受國際譴責。 LINK：屠虎記（警告：內含血腥圖片 ）Warning: Disturbing photos included. 1900年代，有一些英美記者也潛入臺灣各地，採訪相關的事證。例如Michael Day就曾在臺北、高雄等地取材蒐證，揭露了臺灣地下的虎骨交易。 PHOTO：華西街 除了老虎之外，臺灣也曾經因為電視節目，引發富人養紅毛猩猩的熱潮。然而由於紅毛猩猩已經是保育類動物，臺灣的龐大需求在原生地引發偷獵，使得原生地的族群數量銳減近三成；加上餵養的知識不足，以及熱潮過後的棄養潮，也為臺灣本地...